Pakistan Suspends Simla Accord 1972
Pakistan has suspended the 1972 Simla Accord Agreement as a part of series of retaliation in response to India’s reaction to the Pahalgam terrorist attack, more than 27 dead and several serious injuries. The Simla Agreement was a significant peace treaty signed between two countries after the 1971 India-Pakistan war.
India on Wednesday downgraded diplomatic ties with Pakistan and announced a raft of measures, including expulsion of Pakistani military attaches, suspension of the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, and immediate shutting down of the Attari land-transit post in view of the cross-border links to the terror attack.
What’s Simla Accord 1972?
The Simla Accord, also known as Shimla Agreement, was a peace treaty signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Shimla, the capital of Himachal Pradesh. It followed the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which began after India intervened in East Pakistan as an ally of Mukti Bahini who were fighting against Pakistani state forces in the Bangladesh Liberation War.
In 2025, Pakistan suspended the agreement in response to India’s abeyance of the Indus Water treaty.
The treaty’s official purpose was stated to serve as a way for both countries to “put an end to the conflict and confrontation that have hitherto marred their relations” and to conceive the steps to be taken for further normalization of India–Pakistan relations while also laying down the principles that should govern their future interactions.
The treaty, made Pakistan for it’s diplomatic recognition of Bangladesh., and no third party involvement in India-Pak Issues and establishment of LOC. It also direct India to give back more than 13,000 km2 of land that the Indian Army had seized in Pakistan during the war, though India retained a few strategic areas, including Turtuk, Dhothang, Tyakshi and Chalunka of Chorbat Valley, which was more than 883 km2.
Suspension of the Agreement.
Following the rising tensions between India and Pakistan after the 2025 Pahalgam attack, India suspended the decades-old Indus Water treaty. Pakistan, in turn, suspended the Simla Agreement in 24 April 2025 along with the suspension, trade with India has been suspended. Land and Air Routes Closed.
Main Clause of the Agreement :
The Government of India and the Government of Pakistan are resolved that the two countries put an end to the conflict and confrontation that have hitherto marred their relations and work for the promotion of a friendly and harmonious relationship and the establishment of durable peace in the subcontinent so that both countries may henceforth devote their resources and energies to the pressing task of advancing the welfare of their people.
Steps taken by both Government:
Steps shall be taken to resume communications, postal, telegraphic, sea, land, including border posts, and air links, including over flights.
- Appropriate steps shall be taken to promote travel facilities for the nationals of the other country.
- Trade and cooperation in economic and other agreed fields will be resumed as far as possible.
- Exchange in the fields of science and culture will be promoted.
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